Social Science and Nursing Research Publications:

Primary Authored Works

Blackwell, C.W., Hicks, R.W., López-Castillo, H., Guido-Sanz, F., & Anderson, M. (2023). Mpox in the United States: Current implications for public health nursing. Public Health Nursing, 1-7. doi: 10.1111/phn/13194.

Blackwell, C.W., & López-Castillo, H. (2022). Injectable cabotegravir: A new approach to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. JNP--The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 18(9), 947-950. doi: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.08.007.

Blackwell, C.W., & López-Castillo, H. (2022). Monthly injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine to manage HIV infection in adults. The Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. 34(7), 918-923. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000729.

Blackwell, C.W., & López-Castillo, H. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination in adults living with HIV. The Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. doi: 10/1097/JXX.0000000000000674.

Blackwell, C.W., & López-Castillo, H. (2021). HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: Use of emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 17(6), 673-676. doi: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2021.01.002.

Blackwell, C.W. (2020). Reducing sexually-associated transmission of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 33(11), 1050-1054. doi: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000475.

Blackwell, C.W., & Faraci, N. (2020). Conflict resolution among nurse practitioners and physicians. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners,  33(11), 931-937. doi: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000491.

Blackwell, C.W., & Lopez Castillo, H. (2020). Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer persons: Implications for public health nursing. Public Health Nursing, 37(4), 569-580. doi: 10.1111/phn.12746.

Blackwell, C.W. (2019). Demonstrating nursing excellence through equality: The relationship between Magnet® status and organizational LGBTQ client services and support. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 31(2), 209-215. doi: 10.1177/1043659619865585.

Blackwell, C.W., Diaz-Cruz, A., & Xin, Y. (2019). Equality and quality: The relationship between Magnet® status and healthcare organizational commitment to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender equality. Journal of Social Service Research, 5(46), 705-712. doi: 10.108001488376.2019.1645796.

Blackwell, C.W. (2018). Preventing HIV in high-risk risk adolescents using preexposure prophylaxis. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 29(5), 770-774. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2018.06.001.

Blackwell, C.W. (2018). Reducing risk: Counseling HIV-infected men who have sex with men on safer sex practices with seroconcordant sex partners. Social Work in Public Health 33(5), 271-279. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2018.1454869.

Blackwell, C.W. (2017). Meningococcal vaccination in men who have sex with men. Public Health Nursing 34(2), 147-151. doi: 10.1111/phn/12308.

Blackwell, C.W., & Guido-Sanz, F. (2016). Diagnosing HIV infection in adults in the intensive care unit. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 27(6), 864-869. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2016.06.008.

Blackwell, C.W. (2016). Knowledge of vaccination needs of HIV-infected men who have sex with men in a national sample of "gay friendly" healthcare providers. Public Health Nursing 33(5), 403-411. doi: 10.1111/phn.12250

Blackwell, C.W. & Neff, D.F. (2016). Certification and education as determinants of nurse practitioner scope of practice: An investigation of the rules and regulations defining NP scope of practice in the United States. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners 27 (10), 552-557. doi:10.1002/2327-6924.12261.

Blackwell, C.W. (2016). Use of CDC Vaccine Schedules Smartphone Application to prescribe vaccines for HIV- infected adults. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 27(4), 538-543. doi: 10.1016.jana.2016.01.006.

Blackwell, C.W. (2015). Assessment and treatment of depression in gay and bisexual men in emergency settings. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal 3(2), 116-124. doi: 10.1097/TME.0000000000000057.

Blackwell, C.W. (2015). Serosorting sexual partners by gay and bisexual men to prevent HIV infection: Implications for public health clinicians. Public Health Nursing, 32(5), 555-564 doi: 10.1111/phn.12181.

Blackwell, C.W. (2014). Pre-exposure prophylaxis: An emerging clinical approach to preventing HIV in high-risk adults.The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Healthcare 39(9), 50-53. doi: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000452976.92052.fa.

Blackwell, C.W. (2014). Vaccination guidelines for gay and bisexual men. The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Healthcare 39(2), 34-39.doi: 10.1097/01.NPR0000441910.01654.2b.

Blackwell, C.W. & Dziegielewski, S.F. (2013). Risk for a price? Sexual activity solicitiations in on-line male sex worker profiles. Journal of Social Service Research 39(2), 159-170. doi: 10.1080/01488376.2012.744617.

Blackwell, C.W., & Waldrop, J.B. (2012). Certification in nursing education: Implications for nurse practitioner faculty. International Journal of Nurse Practitioner Educators 1(1). ISSN: 2161-0053.

Blackwell, C. W. (2012). Addressing alcohol abuse in gay men. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 6(1), 90-91. doi: 10.1177./1559827611402595.

Blackwell, C.W. (2011). Reducing alcohol abuse in gay men: Clinical recommendations from conflicting research. Journal of Social Service Research 38(1), 29-36 doi: 10.1080/01488376.2011.58342.

Blackwell, C.W., & Dziegielewski, S.F. (2011). Using the Internet to meet sexual partners: Research and practice recommendations. Journal of Social Service Research 38(1), 46-55. doi: 10.1080/01488376.2011.58342.

Blackwell, C.W. & Eden, C. (2011). Human papillomavirus and anorectal carcinoma knowledge in men who have sex with men. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 22(6), 444-453. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2011.08.004.

Blackwell, C.W. (2010). The relationship among population size, requests for bareback sex, and HIV serostatus among men who have sex with men using theInternet to meet sexual partners. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 20(3), 349-360. doi: 10.1080/10911350903343925.

Blackwell, C. W. (2009). Requests for safer sex among men who have sex with men who use the Internet to initiate sexual relationships: Implications for healthcare providers. Journal of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Health Research 5(1), 4-9. doi: 10.1080/15574090903327493.

Blackwell, C. W. (2009). Screening adults for HIV using point-of-service tests. The American Journal for Nurse Practitioners 13(7/8), 50-54.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008). Anorectal carcinoma screening in gay men: Implications for nurse practitioners. The American Journal for Nurse Practitioners 12(1), 60-63.

Blackwell, C. W. (2008). Belief in the "free choice" model of homosexuality: A correlate of homophobia in registered nurses. Journal of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Research 3(3), 31-40. doi: 10.1080/1557988307306045.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008). Men who have sex with men and recruit bareback sex partners on the Internet: Implications for STI and HIV prevention and client education. American Journal of Men’s Health 2(4), 306-313. doi: 10.1177/1557988307306045.

Blackwell, C. W. & Kiehl, E.M. (2008). Homophobia in registered nurses: Impact on youth. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Youth 5(4), 28-48. doi: 10/1080/19361650802222989.

Blackwell, C. W. (2008). Nursing implications in the application of conversion therapies on gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender clients. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 29(6), 651-656. doi: 10.1080/01612840802048915.

Blackwell, C. W. (2008). Registered nurses' attitudes toward the protection of gays and lesbians in the workplace. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 19(4), 347-353. doi: 10.1177./1043659608322420.

Blackwell, C.W., Dziegielewski, S.F., & Jacinto, G.A. (2006).  The use of a strengths-based approach in addressing discrimination against gays and lesbians. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 14(3), 1-17. doi: 10/1300/J137v14n03_01.

Blackwell, C.W., & Dziegielewski, S.F. (2005). The privatization of social services from public to sectarian: Negative consequences for America’s gays and lesbians.  Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 11(2), 25-41. doi: 10.1300/J137v11n02_03.

Blackwell, C.W., Ricks, J.L., & Dziegielewski, S.F. (2004). Discrimination of gays and lesbians: A social justice perspective. Journal of Health & Social Policy, 19(4), 27-43. doi: 10/1300J045/v19n04_02.

Non-Primary Authored Works

Hicks, R.W., & Blackwell, C.W. (2023). An early pop-up mpox vaccine clinic. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 35(4), 226-228. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000858.

Reeves, K., Job, S., Blackwell, C.W., Carter, S., & Taliaferro, L. (2023). Healthcare provider cultural competence and humility when caring for gender-diverse young adults. Journal of Nursing Scholarship.

Anderson, M., Guido-Sanz, F., Talbert, S., Blackwell, C.W., Dial, M., McMahan. R.P., & Diaz, D.A. (2022). Augmented reality (AR) as a prebrief for acute care simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 69, 40-48 doi:10.1016/j.ecns.2022.05.005.

Bush, J. & Blackwell, C.W. (2022). Social media as a recruitment strategy with transgender-identified individuals: Using an ethical lens to direct methodology. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. doi: 10.1177/10436596221101928.

López-Castillo, H., Blackwell, C.W., & Schrimshaw, E. (2022). Paradoxical obesity and overweight disparities among sexual minority men: A meta-analysis.  American Journal of Men’s Health. doi: 10.1177/15579883221095387.

Keiffer, M., Anderson, M., Eckhoff, D.O., Blackwell, C.W., Talbert, S., & Parker, A.M. (2020). Standardizing nurse practitioner student evaluation during high-stakes clinical exams. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 33(12), 1240-1246. doi: 10.1097/jxxx.0000000000000514.

LaManna, J., Guido-Sanz, F., Anderson, M., Chase, S., Weiss, J., & Blackwell, C.W. (2019). Teaching diagnostic reasoning skills to advanced practice nurses: Positives and negatives. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 26(C), 24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ecns.2018.10.006.

Diaz, D.A., Maruca, A., Hoyt, E., Gonzalez, L., Stockmann, C., & Blackwell, C.W. (2017). Simulation design: Addressing Care for the transgender patient. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 13(9), 452-459. doi: 10.1016/j.ecns.2017.05.006.

Textbook Publications:

Blackwell, C.W. (2014). Domestic violence among gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender persons: Populations at risk. In L. Ross (Ed). The war against domestic violence (2nd ed., pp. 177-188). New York: Taylor & Francis.

Blackwell, C.W. & Dziegielewski, S. (2013). Public funding of sectarian organizations for the provision of HIV/AIDS prevention and care: Discriminatory issues for gay males. In I.C. Colby (Ed.), Connecting social welfare policy to fields of practice (1st ed., pp. 239-251). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Blackwell, C.W. & Dziegielewski, S. (2008). Public funding of sectarian organizations for the provision of HIV/AIDS prevention and care: Discriminatory issues for gay males. In I.C. Colby (Ed.) Comprehensive handbook on social work and social welfare: Human behavior in the social environment (4th ed. m pp. 319 328. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008). The role of a Web-mixed physical and mental health course in community based nursing education: Meeting the objectives of service learning. InA. Dailey-Herbert, E. Donnelli-Sallee, & L.N. Divavado-Stocks (Eds.), Service eLearning Educating for citizenship (1st ed., pp. 111-121). Charolette, NC: Information Age Publishing.

Professional Scholarly Presentations:

Blackwell, C.W. (2023). Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods in the prevention of HIV: 2023. Paper presented at the 2023 Annual Conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. New Orleans, LA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2023). Navigating stormy waters: Malpractice issues for APRNs. Paper presented at the 2023 Annual Conference of the National Training Institute: American Association of Critical Care Nurses. Pittsburgh, PA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2022). Demonstrating nursing excellence through equality: The relationship between Magnet® status and organizational LGBTQ client services and support. Paper presented at the 2022 Annual Conference of the Transcultural Nursing Society: Louisville, KY.

Blackwell, C.W. (2022). Advanced practice care of patients with HIV and AIDS. Paper presented at the 2022 annual conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2022). Evidence-based concepts in the care of LGBTQ adolescents. Paper presented at the 2022 annual conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2022). Preventing HIV in 2022: Integrating evidence into practice. Paper presented at the 2022 annual conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W., & López-Castillo, H. (2021). Reducing sexually associated transmission of COVID-19 in men who have sex with men (MSM). Paper presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the Gay & Lesbian Medical Association: Fort Lauderdale, FL (Virtual).

Blackwell, Guido-Sanz, Eckhoff, & D’Amato-Kubiet. (2021). Optimizing evaluation of clinical documentation assignments in acute and primary care nurse practitioner programs. Paper presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties: Denver, CO (Virtual).

Blackwell, C.W. (2021). Preventing HIV in 2021: Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies. Paper presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: Anaheim, CA (Virtual).

Blackwell, C.W. (2021). Malpractice issues for nurses and advanced practice nurses: Navigating stormy waters. Paper presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the Florida Association of Enterostomal Therapists, Inc.: Stuart, FL.

Richard-Eaglin, A., Blackwell, C.W., Strewler, A., & Ballina, C. (2021). Cultural intelligence, diversity, inclusion, and belonging in times of uncertainty in nurse practitioner education. Paper presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties: Denver, CO (Virtual).

Blackwell, C.W. (2020). Caring for the LGBTQ adolescent: Moving evidence into practice. Paper presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. New Orleans, LA.

Blackwell, C.W., Guido-Sanz, F., Eckhoff, D., Keiffer, M., & Anderson, M. (2020). Constructing the building blocks of AGACNP education: Scaffolding AGACNP program outcomes through simulation. Paper presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Chicago, IL.

Keiffer, M., LaManna, J., Anderson, M., Eckhoff, D., Blackwell, C.W., & Guido-Sanz, F. (2020). Implementing and evaluating telehealth competency frameworks in NP curriculum. Paper presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Chicago, IL.

Keiffer, M., Anderson, M., Blackwell, C.W., Guido-Sanz, F., LaManna, J., & Eckhoff, D. (2020). Standardizing nurse practitioner student evaluation during high stakes clinical exams. Poster presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Chicago, IL.

LaManna, J., Blackwell, C.W., & Guido-Sanz, F. (2019). Diabetes in the LGBTQ community: Integrating inclusive practices into delivery of diabetes self-management education/support. Poster presented at the 2019 annual meeting of the American Association of Diabetes Educators, Houston, TX.

Blackwell, C.W. (2019). Preventing HIV in adolescents and adutls: PrEP, PEP, and other innovative strategies. Paper presented at the 2019 annual meeting of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, Indianapolis, IN.

Guido-Sanz, F., Blackwell, C.W., Montoya, V., Eckhoff, D.O., Anderson, M., & Spears, S. (2019). Sharing the wealth: Collaborative teaching of procedural skills in primary and acute care DNP programs. Paper presented at the 2019 meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Facultites, Atlanta, GA.

LaManna, J., Guido-Sanz, F., Anderson, M., Eckhoff, D.O., Keiffer, M.,  Blackwell, C.W. (2019). It takes a team: Creative strategies for infusing diagnostic reasoning learning activities into the nurse practitioner curricula. Paper presented at the 2019 meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Facultities, Atlanta, GA. 

Blackwell, C.W. (2018). Caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clients. Paper presented at the 2018 meeting of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, Denver, CO.

Weiss, J., Todd, A., Blackwell, C.W., Guido-Sanz, F., & LaManna, J. (2018). Better resources = Better courses. Paper presented at the 2018 meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Indianapolis, IN.

Blackwell, C.W. (2017, September). To opiate or note? That is the question!: Application of a multi-modal approach to pain management of the post-operative patient. Paper presented at the 2017 meeting of the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit Manager Summit, Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2016, June). Certification and education as determinants of nurse practitioner scope of practice: An investigation of the rules and regulations defining NP scope of practice in the United States. Paper presented at the 2016 meeting of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, San Antonio, TX.

Blackwell, C.W., Todd, A., Ritten, A., & Weiss, J.A. (2016, April). Utilizing library resources to enhance nurse practitioner education. Paper presented at the 2016 meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Seattle, WA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2016, April). Certification and education as determinants of nurse practitioner scope of practice: An investigation of the rules and regulations defining NP scope of practice in the United States. Paper presented at the 2016 Sigma Theta Tau Research Day, Orlando, FL.

(Update to 2016 AANP Presentation)

Blackwell, C.W. (2015, June). Pre-exposure prophylaxis: An emerging clinical approach to preventing HIV in high-risk adults. Paper presented at the 2015 annual conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Blackwell, C.W., Weiss, J., & Gibson-Young, L. (2015, April). Creating examination blueprints, multiple-choice test items, and test-item analysis in primary and acute care nurse practitioner courses. Workshop presented at the 2015 annual conference of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Baltimore, MD.

Blackwell, C.W. (2015, April). Assessment and treatment of depression in gay and bisexual men in emergency settings: An interprofessional approach. Paper presented at the 2015 annual Summit InterProfessional Health Care Summit, Savannah, GA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2014, June). Implementing vaccination guidelines and recommendations for adult gay and bisexual men in the primary care setting. Poster presented at the annnual conference of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, Nashville, TN.

Blackwell, C.W. (2013, October). Nursing leadership in a time of adversity and challenge: Navigating for the future. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Philippine Nurses Association of Central Florida. Nassau, Bahamas.

Blackwell, C. W. (2013, September). Reducing alcohol abuse in gay men: Clinical recommendations from conflicting research. Poster presented at the annual conference of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, Denver, CO.

Blackwell, C.W. (2013, April). Testing as an evaluative method. Paper presented at the annual conference of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Pittsburgh, PA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2013, April). Infectious disease update: Managing common infections in the nephrology patient. Paper presented at the annual conference of the National Kidney Foundation, Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2012, November). Risk factors and characteristics of men who have sex with men who use the Internet to meet sexual partners. Paper presented

at the annual conference of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality, Tampa, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2012, April). Risk for a price? Higher and lower risk sexual activity solicitations in on-line male sex worker profiles. Paper presented at the annual conference of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Soecity of Nursing (Theta Epsilon), Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C. W. (2012, February). Human papillomavirua and anorectal carcinoma knowledge in men who have sex with men. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Southern Nursing Research Society, New Orleans, LA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2011, November). Human papillomavirus and anorectal carcinoma knowledge in men who have sex with men. Paper presented at the annual conference of the American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.

Wink, D.M. & Blackwell, C.W. (2011, April). Post BSN DNP and post MSN DNP programs: Making the recommendations real. Paper presented at the annual conference of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Albuquerque, NM.

Blackwell, C.W. & Eden, C. (2011, April). Human papillomavirus and anorectal carcinoma knowledge in men who have sex with men. Paper presented at the annual conference of Sigma Theata Tau International Honor Society of Nursing (Theta Epsilon), Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2010, September). Risk factors and characteristics of men who have sex with men who use the Internet to meet sexual partners. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Gay & Lesbian Medical Association, San Diego, CA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2010, April). Designing a doctor of nursing practice epidemiology course based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) epidemiology resources. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, Washington, D.C.

Blackwell, C.W. (2009, April). Risk factors and characteristics of men who have sex with men who use the Internet to meet sexual partners. Paper presented at the annual conference of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing (Theta Epsilon), Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008, October). Nursing implications in the application of  conversion therapies on gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender clients. Paper presented at the annual conference of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008, September). Caring for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender clients: What do clinicians know and what should they know to help reduce health disparities? Paper presented at the annual conference of the New York State Advanced Practice Nursing Association, Verona, NY.

Blackwell, C.W. (2008, January). Caring for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender clients: What do clinicians know and what should they know to help reduce health disparities? Paper presented at the annual conference of the Tallahassee Area Advanced Practice Nursing Council, Tallahassee, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2006, October). Registered nurses' attitudes toward the protection of gays and lesbians in the workplace: An examination of homophobia and discriminatory beliefs. Paper presented at the anual conference of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, San Francisco, CA.

Blackwell, C.W. (2006, April). Registered nurses' attitudes toward the protection of gays and lesbians in the workplace: An examination of homophobia and discriminatory beliefs. Paper presented at the annual conference of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing (Theta Epsilon), Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, CW.. & Kiehl, E. (2006, April). Registered nurses' attitudes towards gays and lesbians: An examination of homophobia and discriminatory beliefs. Paper presented at the annual conference of the American Organization of Nurse Executives, Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2005, March). Florida’s ban on gay adoptions: A cost/benefit analysis. Paper presented at the annual conference of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing (Theta Epsilon), Orlando, FL.

Blackwell, C.W. (2004, October). The privatization of social services from public to sectarian: Negative consequences for gays and lesbians. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, Palm Springs, CA.

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are for educational use only. They are also copywritten under their respective

publishers and/or Dr. Christopher Blackwell and may not be reused without

specific written permission from the publisher and/or Dr. Christopher Blackwell.